MTMW14-Numerical Modelling of Atmospheres and Oceans

Module Provider: Meteorology
Number of credits: 10 [5 ECTS credits]
Level:7
Terms in which taught: Spring term module
Pre-requisites:
Non-modular pre-requisites:
Co-requisites: MTMW12 Introduction to Numerical Modelling MTMW11 Fluid Dynamics of the Atmosphere and Oceans
Modules excluded:
Current from: 2023/4

Module Convenor: Prof Pier Luigi Vidale
Email: p.l.vidale@reading.ac.uk

Type of module:

Summary module description:
Numerical models are central to predicting the evolution of fluid flows, including weather forecasting and climate simulation. Atmosphere and ocean science has advanced rapidly by using models; they represent the essence of what we know about fluid behaviour and enable us to obtain approximate solutions for complex, nonlinear problems where analytic solutions are unknown. This module considers the formulation of model equations, schemes to solve them numerically and ways in which model performance can be evaluated using knowledge of fluid properties and phenomena. You will also implement idealised models yourself to solve problems using computer programming.

Aims:
To show how numerical schemes can be designed to preserve fundamental properties of fluid flows. To bring you up to speed with the core components of state-of-the-art numerical models for the atmosphere and oceans and their use in predicting weather and climate.

Assessable learning outcomes:

By the end of this module the student should be able to:

• Recognise the strengths and weaknesses of the main numerical methods used to model the atmosphere and oceans and explain their derivation;

• Design numerical models to solve atmosphere/ocean problems;

• Implement idealised models by programming in Python and FORTRAN (or C++);

• Evaluate models using benchmark problems and known properties of the system.

Additional outcomes:
Knowledge of the key historical events in the development of numerical models of the atmospheres and oceans.

Outline content:

LECTURES:

1. Fundamental properties of atmospheres and oceans and the first numerical models;

2. Finite difference methods: advanced time schemes;

3. Fluids on rotating Earth and 2-D finite difference schemes;

4. Wave dispersion in finite difference models;

5. Alternative numerical methods for transport by the flow;

6. Using complex nonlinear models (chaos and predictability);

7. Advanced methods - discrete representation of spatial distributions;

8. Advanced methods - spectral techniques;

9. Parameterizations of unresolved processes.

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PRACTICALS:

Week 1: Solve oscillatory, 1-D advection, and diffusion problems;

Weeks 2-5: Project 1, Ensemble simulation with a reduced model of El Niño Southern Oscillation;

Weeks 7-10: Project 2, Wind driven ocean gyre modelled using shallow water equations;

Week 10: Test.

Brief description of teaching and learning methods:

Lectures including some problem solving within class in small groups. Practicals in the computing lab, working individually but with help from lecturer and demonstrators.

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Contact hours:

Ìý	Autumn	Spring	Summer
Lectures		9
Practicals classes and workshops		18
Guided independent study:		73
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
Total hours by term		100
Ìý	Ìý	Ìý	Ìý
Total hours for module	100

Summative Assessment Methods:

Method	Percentage
Report	70
Class test administered by School	30

Summative assessment- Examinations:
90 minute class test in Autumn term. Answer all 5 questions.

Summative assessment- Coursework and in-class tests:
Two projects solving atmosphere/ocean problems by designing numerical models and implementing them using computer programs. Each project assessed by a scientific report on it. A 90 minute test during the week 10 session.

Formative assessment methods:

Penalties for late submission:

The below information applies to students on taught programmes except those on Postgraduate Flexible programmes. Penalties for late submission, and the associated procedures, which apply to Postgraduate Flexible programmes are specified in the policy 'Penalties for late submission for Postgraduate Flexible programmes', which can be found here: /cqsd/-/media/project/functions/cqsd/documents/cqsd-old-site-documents/penaltiesforlatesubmissionpgflexible.pdf
The Support Centres will apply the following penalties for work submitted late:

• where the piece of work is submitted after the original deadline (or any formally agreed extension to the deadline): 10% of the total marks available for that piece of work will be deducted from the mark for each working day (or part thereof) following the deadline up to a total of five working days;
• where the piece of work is submitted more than five working days after the original deadline (or any formally agreed extension to the deadline): a mark of zero will be recorded.

The University policy statement on penalties for late submission can be found at: /cqsd/-/media/project/functions/cqsd/documents/cqsd-old-site-documents/penaltiesforlatesubmission.pdf
You are strongly advised to ensure that coursework is submitted by the relevant deadline. You should note that it is advisable to submit work in an unfinished state rather than to fail to submit any work.

Assessment requirements for a pass:

50% overall.

Reassessment arrangements:
For candidates who have failed, an opportunity to take a resit examination will be provided within the lifetime of the course.

Additional Costs (specified where applicable):

1) Required text books: 2) Specialist equipment or materials: 3) Specialist clothing, footwear or headgear: 4) Printing and binding: 5) Computers and devices with a particular specification: 6) Travel, accommodation and subsistence:

Last updated: 30 March 2023